Both types gradually merged into the modern form that appeared toward the end of the 19th century, including both tapered and cylindrical segments, and the continuously tapered bone hook remained in industrial production until World War II. The design with a cylindrical shaft that is commonplace today was largely reserved for tambour-style steel needles. Early yarn hooks were also continuously tapered but gradually enough to accommodate multiple loops. The strong taper of the shepherd's hook eases the production of slip-stitch crochet but is less amenable to stitches that require multiple loops on the hook at the same time. Shepherd's hook, 19th-century tapered hook, modern inline hook It similarly equates 'Double' and 'French crochet'. American terminology always using the latter (reserving single crochet for use as noted above). ДЄn instruction book from 1846 describes Shepherd or single crochet as what in current British usage is either called single crochet or slip-stitch crochet, with U.S. It derives its present name from the French the instrument with which it is worked being by them, from its crooked shape, termed 'crochet.' This art has attained its highest degree of perfection in England, whence it has been transplanted to France and Germany, and both countries, although unjustifiably, have claimed the invention. Д¬rochet, - a species of knitting originally practised by the peasants in Scotland, with a small hooked needle called a shepherdвЂ™s hook, - has, within the last seven years, aided by taste and fashion, obtained the preference over all other ornamental works of a similar nature. These instruments are to be procured of various sizes. They have a hook at one end similar in shape to a fish-hook, by which the wool or silk is caught and drawn through the work. In 1844, one of the numerous books discussing crochet that began to appear in the 1840s states:Д¬rochet needles, sometimes called Shepherds' hooks, are made of steel, ivory, or box-wood. Nonetheless, the 1833 volume of PenГ©lopГ© describes and illustrates a shepherd's hook, and recommends its use for crochet with coarser yarn. The journal entry, itself, is dated 1812 but was not recorded in its subsequently published form until some time between 18, and the actual date of publication was first in 1898. The earliest dated reference in English to garments made of cloth produced by looping yarn with a hook- shepherd's knitting-is in The Memoirs of a Highland Lady by Elizabeth Grant (1797вЂ“1830). The instructions prescribe the use of a tambour needle (as illustrated below) and introduce a number of decorative techniques. The third purse is made entirely in double-crochet. The second (illustrated here) starts in a semi-open form ( demi jour), where chain-stitch arches alternate with equally long segments of slip-stitch crochet, and closes with a star made with 'double-crochet stitches' ( dubbelde hekelsteek: double-crochet in British terminology single-crochet in US). The first is 'simple open crochet' ( crochet simple ajour), a mesh of chain-stitch arches. This includes a colour plate showing five styles of purse, of which three were intended to be crocheted with silk thread.

The first known published instructions for crochet explicitly using that term to describe the craft in its present sense appeared in the Dutch magazine PenГ©lopГ© in 1823.

Star flower crochet chart